1. Arrangement of instruments and switches
2. Electrical wiring
The electrical wiring of a motorcycle is basically similar to that of a car. The electrical circuit is divided into several parts: power supply, ignition, lighting, instrumentation and audio.
The power supply is generally composed of an alternator (or powered by a magneto charging coil), a rectifier, and a battery. The magneto used in motorcycles also has a variety of structures with different motorcycle models. Generally, there are two types of flywheel magneto and magnet rotor magneto. Flywheel magneto is generally used on small-displacement mini-motorcycles and mopeds. Inside the flywheel, four magnets are evenly distributed and rotate with the engine crankshaft. The stator frame is fixed on the crankcase and the magnet is fixed on it. The motor coil, lighting coil and circuit breaker assembly, when the flywheel rotates, the magnetic field lines alternately pass through the coils, causing the coils to generate induced alternating current. In the magnet rotor type magneto, the structure is opposite to the above. Six pieces of magnets are evenly distributed on the circumference of the rotor. The magnets and the rotor are die-casted with aluminum alloy, and the rotor is connected to the crankshaft with a key. Six sets of coils wound around the iron core are distributed in the stator. When the rotor rotates in the stator, the magnetic lines of force alternately pass through the stator coils to generate induced alternating current.
There are three ignition methods for motorcycles: battery ignition system, magneto ignition system and transistor ignition system. In the ignition system, there are two types: contact capacitor discharge ignition and non-contact capacitor discharge ignition. The English abbreviation for non-contact capacitor discharge is C.D.I. C.D.I actually refers to a combined circuit composed of a capacitor charging and discharging circuit and a thyristor switch circuit, commonly known as an electronic igniter.
There are wires of various colors in the motorcycle circuit. It is customary to use the red wire as the power "+" wire, the black wire as the ground wire "-" wire, the orange wire as the wire leading to the ignition coil, and the magneto output current as the white wire. , Blue is the headlight line and so on, this is just a general idiom for reference.